差分对版图(Didfferential Pair Layout)
Basic Differential Pair Layout
Good matching in the absence of cross-chip gradients; both drain currents flow in same direction.
Alternative Differential Pair Layout
More compact, but worse matching than previous case; drain currents flow in opposite directions.
Common Centroid Layout
Q1 and Q2 have a common centroid, which makes them immune from cross-chip gradients. Best matching performance possible.
Alternative-Common-Centroid-Layout
Immune from cross-chip gradients like previous case, but area is saved by sharing sources.
Differential Pair with Very Wide Transistors
Very wide transistors can lead to awkward layout and significant series gate resistance.
Multi-Finger Transistors
Multi-fingered gates save space and reduce series resistance in gate. Notice that drains are selected to minimize parasitic capacitance to bulk.
Common Centroid Layout with Multi-Fingered Gates
Drain-to-bulk parasitic capacitance is minimized; sources are partially shared to save area.
Doughnut-Transistors
Gives the minimum Cgd (gate-to-drain overlap) and Cdb (drain-to-bulk) parasitic capacitances for a given W/L ratio. May be used to minimize Miller effect when high speed is desired and a dominant pole is created elsewhere.